Angkor Thom, meaning “Great City,” was the last and most enduring capital city of the Khmer Empire. Established by King Jayavarman VII in the late 12th century, Angkor Thom covers an area of 9 square kilometers and is surrounded by a formidable wall and a moat. This city served as the political, religious, and administrative center of the Khmer Empire and showcases some of the most impressive architectural and artistic achievements of the period.
Within Angkor Thom, you’ll find several notable temples and structures, including the Bayon Temple at its center, famous for its smiling stone faces, the Baphuon, a grand three-tiered temple mountain, the Terrace of the Elephants, used by the king as a platform to view his victorious returning army, and the Terrace of the Leper King, with intricate bas-reliefs that depict mythological scenes.
The 5 Gates of Angkor Thom
Angkor Thom is accessed through five monumental gates, each serving as an entrance to the city and featuring distinctive architectural elements. These gates are:
- South Gate: The most commonly used gate by visitors, it features a causeway lined with statues of gods (devas) and demons (asuras) representing the Churning of the Ocean of Milk, a famous Hindu myth. The gate itself is crowned with four large faces and adorned with elaborate carvings.
- North Gate: Similar in design to the South Gate, the North Gate offers a quieter and less crowded entrance, providing a serene and picturesque approach to the city.
- East Gate (Gate of the Dead): Often less frequented, this gate is known as the Gate of the Dead due to its association with funeral processions. It offers a peaceful and atmospheric entry point into Angkor Thom.
- West Gate: Also less visited, the West Gate features the same impressive architecture and serves as a tranquil alternative for those looking to avoid the crowds.
- Victory Gate: Located east of the South Gate, Victory Gate leads directly to the Royal Palace area and the Victory Way. It is named to commemorate the king’s triumphs and is decorated with the same giant faces and intricate carvings as the other gates.
Each gate is a testament to the grandeur and architectural prowess of the Khmer Empire, offering visitors a majestic and awe-inspiring entry into the historic city of Angkor Thom.
